1. Petroleum is called "buried sunshine" because the energy released by burning fossil fuels represents energy originally captured from the sunlight.
2. a. Potential energy is energy of position or condition. An example is when a car moves, the spring unwinds, providing energy to the moving parts.
b. Kinetic energy is energy related to motion. An example is the movement of a car is based on converting potential energy into kinetic energy.
3. When a chemical reaction takes place and releases energy, bonds break and reactant atoms reorganize to form new bonds.
4. Butane would have more potential energy because it has a higher boiling point and contains more carbon atoms.
5. a. potential energy
b. potential energy
c. kinetic energy
d. potential energy
e. kinetic energy
6. Energy is needed to break chemical bonds because the process yields products with different and more stable bonding arrangements. The products have less energy than the original reactants. Energy stored in the reactants is released in the form of heat and light.
7. a. Exothermic - energy is being released
b. Endothermic - energy is required
c. Endothermic - energy is required
8. Because burning a candle is an exothermic reaction, there is more energy in the product than there was in the reaction to begin with.
9. I am confused on this question.
10. Energy is neither created nor destroyed in any mechanical, physical, or chemical processes.
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